Food Security: Current Status and Development Prospects in Conditions of Risk

The article considers the mechanisms of ensuring food security, risks and threats to its provision. National security policy is an interconnected system of targeted efforts of the state and other political institutions of society, designed to ensure their reliable functioning. The state is called upon to play a central and coordinating role in ensuring food security. The most important elements of the state regulation system should be the following: − stimulation of effective demand of the population; − antimonopoly regulation and increasing the competitive potential of agriculture; − development of market infrastructure; − support for a stable situation on the food market through government injections (interventions); − providing agriculture with affordable loans; − pursuing a policy of reasonable protectionism; − providing domestic producers with conditions for normal competition with foreign producers. The implementation of the state strategy is carried out through a system of specific measures based on qualitative and quantitative indicators - macroeconomic, demographic, foreign economic, technological, etc. The most important element of the national security system is the forecasting of its threat factors. One of the main goals of ensuring national security of any state is to ensure food security. An analysis of current global trends shows that food dependence is becoming a key lever of foreign policy influence for powerful states, determining a country's place in the global community. Food security (FS) encompasses not only the availability of food (quantitatively speaking), but also its quality, safety, and affordability. Key risks include dependence on imported seeds and equipment, climate change, and geopolitics. Opportunities include the development of domestic breeding, digitalization of the agricultural sector, and efficient use of land resources.